What does protectionism mean in international trade?

Protectionism in international trade refers to an economic policy aimed at restricting imports to safeguard domestic industries from foreign competition. This approach often includes implementing tariffs, quotas, or other regulatory measures that limit the amount and types of foreign goods entering a country. By doing so, the government seeks to promote local businesses, maintain jobs, and encourage the growth of domestic products.

The emphasis on protecting domestic industries derives from the belief that, without such measures, competition from cheaper or more favorable foreign products may drive local companies out of business, leading to job losses and a decline in the national economy. By reducing the influx of foreign goods, protectionist policies aim to allow domestic firms to thrive, ultimately benefiting the economy in the long term.

Other options refer to policies that either promote imports or enhance international trading relationships, which do not align with the core definition of protectionism. In contrast, the correct answer aptly captures the essence of this economic strategy.